Anticancer: A New Way of Life

Just heard about a book that sounds like Devra Davis's The Secret History of the War on Cancer (click here to read my entries on that book). The book is Anticancer: A New Way of Life by David Servan-Schreiber, a clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, cofounder of the Centre for Integrative Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre -- Devra Davis is also at the University of Pittsburgh so it makes sense that another book related to the environmental causes of cancer would come from a colleague.

Here's what the publisher has to say about this book, which was published last month:

When David Servan- Schreiber, a dedicated scientist and doctor, was diagnosed with brain cancer, it changed his life. Confronting what medicine knows about the illness, the little known workings of the body’s natural cancer-fighting capacities, and his own will to live, Servan-Schreiber found himself on a fifteen-year journey from disease and relapse into scientific exploration, and finally to health. Combining memoir with a clear explanation of what makes cancer cells thrive and what inhibits them, and describing both conventional and alternative ways to slow and prevent cancer, Anticancer is revolutionary in its clarity. It is a moving story of a doctor’s inner and outer search for healing; radical in its discussion of the environment, lifestyle, and trauma; and inspiring and cautionary in its certainty that cancer cells lie dormant in all of us—and we all must care for the “terrain” in which they exist.

Anticancer takes us on a serious journey and, ultimately, an empowering one. In the tradition of Michael Pollan, John Kabat- Zinn, Barbara Kingsolver, and Andrew Weil, Anticancer genuinely guides us to “a new way of life.”

Michael Pollan and Barbara Kingsolver huh? Well then I definitely have to pick up a copy of this book.

Click here to watch a trailer (yes, a trailer) in Quicktime format for this book.

Servan-Schreiber is also the author of The Instinct to Heal: Curing Depression, Anxiety and Stress Without Drugs and Without Talk Therapy which sounds interesting too . . . it seems to me that we all want a simple answer to all health problems -- preferably just a prescription for pills -- and it would be good to hear from a doctor who seems to break from the orthodoxy and speak out against prescribing the latest drugs.

Click here to learn more on the author's website.

In Defense of Food by Michael Pollan

As promised, here's a bit more on Michael Pollan's In Defense of Food: an Eater's Manifesto (click here to view all my posts about this book).

Most of the contents of this book can be found from other sources by Michael Pollan -- his articles in the New York Times, The Omnivore’s Dilemma, Pollan on C-SPAN, and Pollan on NPR several times.

What's new is mostly his lists to help us decide what to eat (and even this can be learned from Pollan's talk on C-SPAN):

Eat Food

• Don't eat anything your great grand-mother wouldn't recognize as food: Don't eat anything incapable of rotting.
• Avoid food products containing ingredients that are a) unfamiliar, b) unpronounceable, c) more than five in number, or that include d) high-fructose corn syrup.
• Avoid food products that make health claims.
• Shop the peripheries of the supermarket and stay out of the middle.
• Get out of the supermarket whenever possible: Shake the hand that feeds you.

Mostly Plants

• Eat mostly plants, especially leaves: did you know that the average American eats 200 pound of meat per year?
• You are what what you eat eats too.
• If you have the space, buy a freezer.
• Eat like an omnivore.
• Eat well-grown food from healthy soils: "it stands to reason that a chemically simplified soil would produce chemically simplified plants."
• Eat wild foods when you can: lamb's quarters and purslane, wild game meat, salmon, mackerel, sardines, and anchovies are good bets.
• Be the kind of person who takes supplements.
• Eat more like the French, or the Italians, or the Japanese, or the Indians, or the Greeks.
• Regard non-traditional foods with skepticism.
• Don't look for the magic bullet int he traditional diet.
• Have a glass of wine with dinner.

Not Too Much

• Pay more, eat less: Okinawan's say hara hachi bu, eat until you are eighty percent full.
• Eat meals: didn't there used to be at least a mild social taboo against the between meal snack?
• Do all your eating at a table: your desk is not a table.
• Don't get your fuel from the same place your car does.
• Try not to eat alone.
• Consult your gut.
• Eat slowly.
• Cook and, if you can, plant a garden.

Well, that's it. Pretty simple huh? We should all be slimmer and healthier in no time.

There are a couple of other things I found interesting from this book.



First, since Pollan makes several references to Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle, I'm glad that I finally read it. And like Devra Davis in The Secret History of the War on Cancer, Pollan also posits that the health industry (as a business) has had much to gain from the unhealthiness of Americans -- Pollan mentions fast food companies while Davis mentions large industrial companies. It's always interesting to see how books by different authors seem to converge.

And did you know that the average American today spends less than 10% of their income on food and less than thirty minutes each day preparing meals, and about an hour each day enjoying them; in 1965 the average American spent 44 minutes prepping meals and 21 minutes cleaning up. This lack of cooking, Pollan postulates, has something to do with our unhealthiness.

And check out these calories per day contributions to America's per capita food supply:

• Corn: 554
• Soy 257
• Wheat 768
• Rice 91

That totals 1,670 and these four crops acccount for two thirds of the calories we eat. It makes me sick just thinking about it. According to Pollan, "humankind has historically consumed some 80,000 edible species, and three thousand of those have been in widespread use." And now we eat mostly just four species, just because they are among the most efficient transformers of sunlight and chemical energy into carbohydrate energy??!

And if that wasn't enough:

• Half of all broccoli grown commercially in the US is the Marathon variety, known for its high yield.
• Most of the chickens raised for meat in America are Cornish cross hybrid.
• More than 99% of the turkeys raised for meat in Americaare Broad-Breasted Whites.

A typical Iowa farm in the early 1900s would have "raised more than a dozen different plant and animal species: cattle, chicken, corn, hogs, apples, hay, oats, potatoes, cherries, wheat, plums, grapes, and pears" and now that same farm would produce just corn and soybeans.

All of this lack of complexity has resulted in a substantial decline in the nutritional quality of produce in this country -- and that's as determined by the USDA.

And here's an interesting quote for you:

The increases in world [omega-6] consumption over the past century may be considered a very large uncontrolled experiment that may have contributed to increased societal burdens of aggression, depression, and cardiovascular mortality.

Hmm, maybe Baltimore would be less violent if it's drug-dealing residents ate a lot more omega-3 fatty acids?!

Bottlemania: How Water Went on Sale and Why We Bought It by Elizabeth Royte

I've just read Lisa Margonelli's "Tapped Out," a review of Bottlemania: How Water Went on Sale and Why We Bought It (by Elizabeth Royte) published June 15, 2008 in the New York Times.

It makes me think of Marc Reisner’s Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water (which I'd like to read) and Blue Gold: The Fight to Stop the Corporate Theft of the World’s Water by Maude Barlow and Tony Clarke (which I have read); click here to read my entries on these books.

For many years now, I've preferred to simply drink filtered tap water in my own reusable bottle -- used to be a Nalgene but with all the health problems associated with the old Nalgenes made with Bisphenol A (BPA) I've given mine up.

Here's how Lisa Margonelli concludes her review:

By the time I finished “Bottlemania” I thought twice about drinking any water. Among the risks: arsenic, gasoline additives, 82 different pharmaceuticals, fertilizer runoff sufficient to raise nitrate levels so that Iowa communities issue “blue baby” alerts. And in 42 states, Royte notes, “people drink tap water that contains at least 10 different pollutants on the same day.” The privatization of pristine water is part of a larger story, a tragic failure to steward our shared destiny. And if you think buying water will protect you, Royte points out that it too is loosely regulated. And there is more — the dangers of pipes and of plastic bottles, the hazards of filters, and yes, that “toilet to tap” issue. But there is slim comfort: Royte says we don’t really need to drink eight glasses of water a day. Drink when you’re thirsty, an expert says. That’s refreshing.

Ick, now that makes me think of The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Devra Davis (click here to read my entries on that book).

I think I will pick up a copy of Bottlemania at my local library, though I may take my time before getting to it.

Reading all these books about the lies of corporate America has been generally depressing.

Click here to read an excerpt.

Cellphones and Cancer (The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Devra Davis)

Tara Parker-Pope's June 3, 2008 New York Times article "Experts Revive Debate Over Cellphones and Cancer" and naturally made me think of The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Dr. Devra Lee Davis, which I read in April (click here to read all my entries about this book).

Davis is a leader in the field of environmental oncology. And while Davis teaches readers in The Secret History of the War on Cancer about a myriad of environmental factors that cause or are contributing factors in cancer but I don't recall her mentioning cellphones or other radiofrequency (RF) or microwave (MW) radiation and I wonder what her thoughts are.

Certainly we know that ultraviolet (UV) light -- another type of non-ionizing radiation -- causes cancer and people have suspected for years that extremely low frequency radiation (ELF) from high-voltage power lines may contribute to cancer.

The website for the Center of Environmental Oncology at the University of Pittsburgh (which Devra Davis heads) does list cell phones as a risk factor so I suppose Davis either chose not to include this in her book or I simply forgot having read about it:

Use cell phones with an earpiece and speakerphone so the phone itself is not held up against your head. Children should not use cell phones. Studies claiming that there is no link between cell phone use and brain cancer were not conducted on people who used cell phones as much as the average person today. Cell phones emit low doses of microwave radiation that destroy rat brain cells and memory and reach one inch into the human brain. While British authorities recommend that children not use cell phones at all, some American firms are pushing phones for five year olds.

Some of the other items listed on the "12 Things You Can Do To Reduce Cancer Risk" Fact Sheet are equally alarming as they commonly occur every day:

Unless someone in your immediate family has had breast cancer before menopause, hold off getting your first mammogram until at least age forty, or until your doctor advises you start having them—and then have them done sparingly. Mammography does not prevent breast cancer, but can reduce deaths from the disease in post-menopausal women. It is also important to have regular physical exam of breasts by a health professional.

Use hormones sparingly. Lifetime use of hormones affects cancer risk. Consider alternatives to chemical contraception such as IUDs and condoms (which also protect against sexually transmitted disease). Avoid long term use of medications that contain hormones, including hormone replacement therapy.

Do not consume food and beverages that contain aspartame. Sweeten your food with good old-fashioned sugar or honey, or stevia instead. Despite having FDA approval, aspartame, the sugar substitute, was never given a green light by scientists—all were concerned about its potential to cause cancer. New independent studies raise further concerns about its long term safety.

Don't microwave anything in plastic, no matter what the directions say. Some plastic chemicals can leach into food.

Don't put anything on your baby's skin that you can't eat. The materials that create "no more tears" in baby shampoo are banned in several countries, because they cause cancer in animals. In some cases lotions used on the heads of African-American babies caused development of breasts and pubic hair. The FDA has no authority to regulate any of these harmful compounds in personal care products, unlike the European Union.

The note about microwaving plastic is especially scary since most of my friends microwave plastic without a second thought, though my parents have always warned me and my siblings to only microwave items in glass or ceramic or on paper plates.

Yikes!

The Secret History of the War on Cancer

I've just read The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Dr. Devra Lee Davis and I've already written about this book twice (click here to view all my posts on this book).

But just for fun I thought I would search the NYTimes website to see what articles came up when searching "cancer" and "Devra Davis" and I came across Philip M Boffrey's "The parade of chemicals that cause cancer seems endless" published March 20, 1984 which discusses many of the cancer causing chemicals mentioned in Davis's War on Cancer.

Davis mentioned that she had first considered writing this book 20 years ago so this article should not have surprised me. And yet it did. Scientists need to do a better job of transmitting their knowledge to the public and avoiding conflicts of interest.

Also on NYTimes.com, I thought I'd check out the health section and came across Jane Brody's "Potential for Harm in Dietary Supplements" published this week. Seems like we're all confused about how to stay healthy.

The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Devra Davis

I'm reading The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Dr. Devra Lee Davis. Wow...this book almost makes you afraid of everything. Who knows, your shampoo and lipstick, the paint in your house, the pesticides used on the food you eat, the chemicals in processed meats, the air in your town, the water that you drink...they could all contain chemicals that cause cancer.

Fortunately, I'm not the paranoid type. From now on, I'll carefully read the list of ingredients on product labels, cut down my intake of processed meats (despite my love of pastrami and bacon), more or less quit drinking, purchase organic fruits and vegetables when the price difference is within reason, and just hope for the best.

I would definitely recommend this book to those who are surprised to hear that so many cancer causing agents were already identified by the early 1900s.

I've started A New Earth: awakening to your life's purpose by Eckhart Tolle, The Heart is a Lonely Hunter by Carson McCullers, and Snow Flower and the Secret Fan by Lisa See. Will write more as I get further into each book.

The Secret History of the War on Cancer by Devra Davis

I heard about this book through this October 2007 New York Times review of The Secret History of the War on Cancer (I also read the other book reviewed in this article -- Sex Sleep Eat Drink Dream: A Day in the Life of Your Body by Jennifer Ackerman -- and found it captivating and educational! Ackerman uses a scintillating title to catch your attention and writes expertly about different parts/systems of the human body with a focus on chronobiology, spending just a few pages on each topic.) and finally decided to read it after I read an article about cancer prevention in the Nov 1, 2007 issue of the Economist. I'm halfway through Devra Lee Davis's The Secret History of the War on Cancer.

While Davis is clearly passionate about her topic, her writing leaves something to be desired (like me -- a fellow scientist -- Davis uses far too many words when she could convey the same meaning/information in a more simple and elegant manner) and she also frequently repeats herself.

Still, I have learned so much from this book. Davis, Director of the Center of Environmental Oncology at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, argues that our country's $40 billion "war on cancer" has focused too much on treatment and largely ignored prevention due to the heavy handed tactics of large industrial companies and their economic interests. The result: at least 10 million preventable cancer deaths over the past thirty years.

I get the feeling this book doesn't present new information, but simply puts together publicly available information. Still, I was unfamiliar with most of the information in this book. Here are a few of the surprising facts:

• As early as the 1930s, the world’s leading cancer scientists determined that tobacco, radiation, asbestos, arsenic, benzene, chlorine, other chemicals, and estrogen and other hormones caused cancer. World War II and its focus on immediate survival and the growth of chemical industries sidetracked these early findings of cancer hazards for decades.
• Germany was a forerunner in cancer research and organic farming. Unfortunately, World War II and the desire to discredit and forget German science from that period also contributed to our early knowledge of the causes of cancer to be lost for decades.
• After World War II, many of the leading scientists doing cancer research were being paid by tobacco companies (and other companies whose success came from producing cancer-causing chemicals) and kept their results private as "trade secrets."
• In the late 1960s, the United States spent $30 million of taxpayer money to create a "safer cigarette" even though most scientists were sure there could not be such a thing and even if it was possible the tobacco companies themselves should have paid for such research & development.
• The life-saving simple test for cervix cancer (the Pap smear), was not put into use for more than a decade after it was shown to save lives, because of fears that it would undermine the private practice of medicine (Pap smears can be taken and interpreted easily by technicians without a medical degree). These delays led to the deaths of thousands of women who would have survived had the Pap smear been universally accepted sooner.
• Many personal care products (lotions, nail polishes, hair products, etc) contain hormones and/or chemicals that act like hormones.
• In 1993, the Supreme Court handed down a ruling in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. that laid out four tests for judges to use in deciding whether science is admissible. In effect, the Court ruled experimental studies in animals as irrelevant to human harm and that only large amounts of hard evidence of sick or deformed humans in published studies would constitute proof of human hazard. Click here for an analysis of this ruling.
• In terms of radiation dose, a typical chest CT scan is equivalent to 400 chest x-rays!
• Ritalin, frequently prescribed for ADHD, damages DNA and may lead to an increased risk of cancer.

I will write more when I finish the book.

In the meantime, check out the author's website, particularly this gallery of images from The Secret History of the War on Cancer, and the Center of Environmental Oncology's website on this book and this Q&A with Devra Davis on the NYTimes.com Freakonomics blog.

Then, next up is A New Earth: awakening to your life's purpose by Eckhart Tolle!